Technical Library

Recent Entries in Technical Library

• Will the NHEM.f (C-12400) and NHEM.f M2 (C-12402) also grow in PromoCell Melanocyte Growth Medium M3?

  Yes, NHEM.f and NHEM.f M2 also grow in our optimized Melanocyte Growth Medium M3 (C24310) and can achieve > 15 population doublings.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Melanocyte Cell Culture
• I have a question regarding your Alanine Aminotransferase Activity Kit (PK-CA577-K752). What is the activity of the ALT Positive Control?

  The activity of the positive control is not determined. However, we can give you the OD value for the positive control from a specific lot. Please feel free to contact and share with us the lot number if you would like to see the expected OD value.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) Activity Assay Kit
• Following your protocol in a 96-well plate, how thick is the resulting Alginate Hydrogel matrix usually? And what are the maximum dimensions of an alginate hydrogel which still allow a sufficient exchange of nutrients and oxygen?

  50 µl of Alginate Hydrogel 3D Cell Culture Matrix per well (96-well plate format) is what is recommended. We have not measured to see what the exact thickness of this is. But this is enough to provide sufficient exchange of nutrients and oxygen. Thicker matrices may not be advisable but you may try.

   

  Related Links and Documents

  • Alginate Hydrogel 3D Cell Culture Matrix
• Does the BME 3D Cell Culture Matrix (PK-CA577-K518-5) contain laminin-1?

  The BME (Basement Membrane Matrix; animal-based) is rich in extracellular matrix proteins, including laminin (a major component), Collagen IV, heparin sulfate proteoglycans and a number of growth factors.

   

  Related Links and Documents

  • BME 3D Cell Culture Matrix
• According to literature, the NOS seems to need 3 or 5 cofactors to function, but the Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity Assay Kit contains only two, i.e. NOS Cofactor 1 and 2.

  The Cofactor Solutions are not a single reagent solution, but a mix of different cofactors needed for NOS reaction to proceed. Unfortunately, further information is proprietary and therefore cannot be disclosed.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Activity Assay Kit I
• I have a question about the human fibronectin included in your Cell Invasion Assay Kit (PK-CA577-K925): What is the origin of the FN?

  The fibronectin is derived from human plasma and is produced in an animal-component free process.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Cell Invasion Assay Kits
• How much whole blood is required for 3 ml of the Lymphocyte Separation Medium in a 15 ml conical tube?

  In general the 15 ml tubes are filled with 3 ml Lymphocyte Separation Medium 1077 and the 50 ml conical tubes with 15 ml Lymphocyte Separation Medium.

  For the 15 ml tubes, it is recommended to use 3-8 ml, for the 50 ml tubes 15 – 30 ml of diluted* whole blood.

  *1:2 -1:3 in PBS

  Related Links and Documents

  • Lymphocyte Separation Medium 1077
• How do I get maximum expansion of the undifferentiated CD34+ cells? Is there a maximum cell density?

  The following is what we do here in our research lab for maximum expansion of the undifferentiated cells:
  – Seed the vial of cells at a density of 5,000 cells/ml as per PromoCell protocol (see Manual of human CD34⁺ progenitor cells).
  – Use our Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Expansion Medium XF (C-28021) supplemented with our Cytokine Mix E.
  – Allow the cells to grow for one week. It may take 4-5 days for the cells to noticeably proliferate, but they will grow rapidly after this.
  – After the first week, change 2/3 of the media and culture for a second week.
  You should see up to a 200-fold expansion of the cells within this time. Cell density is not the major concern when expanding the progenitors. The media used and time in culture are more important factors. Some researchers expand the progenitors out a third week but we don’t recommend this for the health of the cells.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Culture
• I have two questions regarding the PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit I/C. It is recommended to use a 1.5% agarose gel for the analysis. Would it also be possible to use a 2% or 3% pre-cast agarose gel? And do you recommend to use a DNA ladder?
  1. It is recommended to use a 1.5% agarose gel for the analysis of the amplified DNA. Theoretically, it is also possible to use a 2% or 3% pre-cast agarose gel as long as it is running for a sufficient distance to separate the bands at ∼270 bp (positive control and mycoplasma- positive samples) and 479 bp (internal control).
  2. A DNA ladder is not mandatory but is recommended to correctly identify all bands. We recommend using a 100 bp ladder, but a 250 bp ladder or similar, which allows you to identify the 270 and 479 bp bands is also suitable.

  Related Links and Documents

  • PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit I/C
• Which human AB serum does PromoCell recommend to generate M0 macrophages?

  We recommend to use Human Serum AB „off-the-clot”.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Macrophage Base Medium DXF
  • Application Note: Convenient large-scale differentiation
• I would like to differentiate hMSC into bone cells and further maintain the cells in culture after differentiation. Which medium should I use?

  Osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs with PromoCell MSC Osteogenic Differentiation Medium takes ∼12-14 days (please view the respective Application Note for a detailed protocol). Use fibronectin-coated plates and change the medium every third day.

  The bone cells tend to detach from the plastic after approximately 2 weeks, when differentiation is complete. Therefore, the tests should be performed promptly and the cells should be maintained in MSC Osteogenic Differentiation Medium until then.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note: Osteogenic Differentiation and Analysis of MSC
  • human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation Medium
• I have purchased ACE2 blocking peptide and ACE2 antibody. Can you please tell me at what concentration to use the blocking peptide to block the antibody?

  Please find attached our general Western Blotting protocol as a guide.

   

   

  Related Links and Documents

  • General Western Blotting protocol
• I am performing MSC chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiation and am staining the cells. The protocol says to use Saccomanno Fixation Solution. Is there an alternative method to fix the cells because I don’t have Saccomanno Fixation Solution?

  Yes, you can use 4.5% neutral buffered formalin. Paraformaldehyde should work as well.

   

  Related Links and Documents

  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture
• Is PromoCell’s Cryo-SFM produced under GMP standard?

  No, our Freezing Medium Cryo-SFM (C-29910) is not produced under GMP Standard. It is for in vitro research use only and not appoved for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Freezing Medium Cryo-SFM
• Is it possible to differentiate M1 macrophages from PBMC in 96-well plates?

  At PromoCell, we have not tested macrophage differentiation in 96-well plates, but we know from users that it is possible.

  The mononuclear cells also differentiate very well in the 96-well format. A plating density of 1 million PBMCs (without prior determination of monocyte content) per well has been shown to be optimal. The working volume in a 96-well plate is usually 100 µl.

  Related Links and Documents

  • M1-Macrophage Generation Medium DXF
• Can the medium for M2 macrophages be switched into RPMI or RPMI + M-CSF after differentiation?

  Unfortunately, we did not test this in our hands, and it must be tested by the customer. In fact, our medium is completely different from RPMI and therefore we cannot predict if this is working. We only know the successful long-term culture from our system with our media.

  Related Links and Documents

  • M2-Macrophage Generation Medium DXF
• Why does the macrophage differentiation in the PromoCell protocol take 10 days? In the literature or following the feedback from other researchers, it usually only takes 7 days.

  M1 / M2 polarization also takes seven days in the PromoCell system but the protocol contains two more days for optional macrophage activation. If you only want non-activated M1 / M2 macrophages, the process is usually completed after 7 days.
  Nevertheless, PromoCell does not recommend shortening the 10-day protocol because you actually get a plus in viability and cell yield (due to the re-attachment of floating cells) on day 8-10 due to the media change.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note: Differentiation of M1- or M2-Macrophages
  • M1-Macrophage Generation Medium DXF
  • M2-Macrophage Generation Medium DXF
• I differentiated M1 macrophages from self-sourced PBMCs following your differentiating protocol. In the final cell culture, I can see small cells attached to the macrophages which are CD3+ (T-cells). What is the reason for the T-cell contamination after the differentiation?

  The reason for the higher number of lymphocytes in the macrophage culture is probably due to an insufficient washing step during the purification of the monocyte via adherence. The 3 washing steps in our protocol are essential to receive a monocyte population of over 90%.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note
  • M1-Macrophage Generation Medium DXF
• How long do I have to activate the cryopreserved macrophages to measure cytokine release?

  In general, we recommend activating the cells for 24 hours or at least over night for all kind of activations. If the activation is not optimal in your experimental setting, you can increase or decrease the activation time accordingly.

   

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note
  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• I would like to analyze the macrophages by microscope and I would therefore have to plate the cells on fibronectin-coated glass. Did you test if the macrophages grow on fibronectin-coated glass?

  We did not test if the macrophages attach on fibronectin-coated glass.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• Following the recommended seeding density for your M1 macrophages (100,000 cells per cm2), I would need too many cells to have a complete 96- or 384-well plate. This is too expensive for me, can I reduce the number of cells per cm2?

  The recommended seeding density with 100,000 cells per cm² is needed for a confluent cell layer as the cells do not proliferate.
  However, you can reduce the seeding density by the factor 3 to 5 and the macrophages are still viable.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• Do you recommend a certain negative control for the activated macrophages to compare the cytokine release with?

  Even non-activated macrophages do release a certain amount of cytokines. Furthermore, you would have to be sure that the release of a certain cytokine is a direct consequence of the activation. Therefore, we do not think it is possible to have a general negative control for the cytokine release.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• Does PromoCell have any data regarding the cytokine profile and different markers of the M1/M2 macrophages after activation?

  No, we do not provide data about the cytokine profile of our M1/M2 macrophages after activation and we do not provide any further data beyond the scope of our quality control.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• Which cytokine concentrations does PromoCell recommend for activating M1/M2 macrophages?

  You may find all information regarding the activation and the cytokine concentrations in table 1 (page 5) of our Application Note.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note
  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• Did PromoCell try plating the cryo-macrophages in 96-well plates?

  We did not plate the cryo-macrophages in 96-well plates. However, we heard from other customers that they have successfully used our macrophages in this kind of plate.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Macrophage Cell Culture
• Is the Aromatase Assay Buffer compatible with a classical BCA protein quantification kit (e.g. Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit)?

  The assay buffer of our Aromatase Activity Assay Kit (PK-CA577-K983) has 50 mM potassium phosphate and may not be compatible with BCA. But it is compatible with Bradford assay.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Aromatase (CYP19A) Activity Assay Kit
• What MATra reagent does PromoCell recommend for the transfection of vascular Smooth Muscle Cells?

  Bovine carotid artery smooth muscle cells have been successfully transfected using MATra-A.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Magnet-Assisted Transfection
• What’s the difference between PromoFectin (PK-CT-2000-100) and PromoFectin-siRNA (PK-CT-2000-RNA-200)?

  Both, PromoFectin and PromoFectin-siRNA, are non-liposomal transfection reagents.

  • Our (broad-range) PromoFectin can be used to transfect primary cells and cell lines with DNA or RNA.
  • PromoFectin-siRNA was developed to specifically deliver siRNA into a wide variety of cell types.

  Related Links and Documents

  • PromoFectin reagents
• Can I spray the Spore-EX Spray on plexiglass surfaces without damaging it?

  This spray is compatible with plastic/plexiglass. However it will leave residue as it is not an alcohol based formulation, so you may need to wipe dry with a paper towel.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Spore-EX Spray
• I received 3 DetachKits yesterday. Some of the tubes have different colors, although they all come from the same batch.

  The components of the PromoCell DetachKit may occasionally arrive with a non-uniform color appearance. This phenomenon is known to PromoCell’s Quality Assurance Dept.
  It is reversible and has no influence on the quality of the product.

  Related Links and Documents

  • PromoCello DetachKit
• Are endothelial cells α-SMA-negative under all circumstances?

  Scientific findings from different groups, as well as our own results indicate that the presence or absence of α-SMA is not a valid indicator for the composition of a given cell population. Research findings and our inhouse data suggest that endothelial cells are not α-SMA-negative under all circumstances. α-SMA negativity is not an intrinsic property of endothelial cells but can vary depending on extrinsic influences.

  Lot-specific values for α-SMA in our Certificates of Analysis (CoAs) are therefore not considered meaningful.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Endothelial Cell Culture
  • Ando et al.; Am J Physio l. 1999 May;276(5):H1755-68
  • Lu et al.; Stem Cells Dev . 2004 Oct;13(5):521-7
  • Azuma et al.; Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 2009 Mar 13;380(3):620-6
  • Frid et al.; Circ Res . 2002 Jun 14;90(11):1189-96
  • Kovacic et al.; J Am Coll Cardiol . 2019 Jan 22;73(2):190-209
  • Jones et al.; Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol . 1999 Apr;20(4):582-94
  • Ma et al.; Front Cell Dev Biol . 2020 Apr 21;8:260
  • Kocher and Madri; In Vitro Cell Dev Biol . 1989 May;25(5):424-34
  • Amberger et al.; FEBS Lett . 1991 Aug 5;287(1-2):223-5
• Is vWF a great marker for Endothelial Cells?

  Secretory granules called Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) containing Von Willebrand factor (vWF) are more linked to the formation of a confluent endothelial monolayer. Research shows that vWF expression is dynamic and highly dependent on the cell culture conditions such as confluence and passage number.
  Therefore, having vWF as a quality control marker for each lot of ECs is not really necessary.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Endothelial Cell Culture
  • Howell et al.; Mol Membr Biol. Nov-Dec 2004;21(6):413-21
• The components of my DetachKit show different colors. Is this normal or does it affect their quality?

  The components of the PromoCell DetachKit may arrive on occasion with a non-uniform color appearance. This phenomenon is known by PromoCell’s Quality Assurance. It is reversible and does not influence the quality of the product.

  Related Links and Documents

  • PromoCell DetachKit
  • PromoCell DetachKit 2
• The supplements arrived defrosted. Are they still ok?

  PromoCell supplements (SupplementMixes and SupplementPacks) are routinely shipped with dry ice. On occasion, the supplements may arrive defrosted. You can either use them immediately to prepare fresh growth media or refreeze them at -20°C. We have performed extensive stability tests and can guarantee that the supplements are stable for up to 1 week at room temperature.

  Sole exception: The SupplementMix (C-39420) of our Melanocyte Growth Medium M2 is less stable and should no longer be used when it arrived thawed, at room temperature.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Media for Human Primary Cell Culture
  • Melanocyte Growth Medium M2
• Can you please let me know whether Spore-EX Spray can eliminate DNA and RNA from surfaces?

  Yes, our Spore-EX Spray (PK-CC91-5053) is also suitable for denaturing DNA and RNA.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Spore-EX Spray
• What is the Endotoxin level of PromoCell’s PBS?

  The specification of endotoxin level is < 1 EU/ml.
  For all our produced batches, the result is 0.005 EU/ml.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Dulbecco’s PBS
• Can I defrost Accutase Solution, prepare aliquots and refreeze them?

  Yes, Accutase Solution can be defrosted, aliquoted, and then refrozen.

  Defrosting: Accutase should be defrosted overnight in the refrigerator or placed in a tub of cold tap water.  Do not defrost in a 37°C water bath.
  Stability: Once thawed, it is stable for at least 2 months in the refrigerator if stored promptly after use.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Accutase Solution
• What is the difference between the PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit I/C (PK-CA91-1024) and PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit II (PK-CA20-700-20)?

  Both PCR Mycoplasma Test Kits are designed for conventional PCR but differ in the following points:

  • Format: The reagents are delivered lyophilized in Test Kit I/C, liquid (5x master mix) in Test Kit II.
  • Detection Spectrum: The spectrum of detected strains is slightly different: Test Kit II also detects e.g. M. pneumoniae and Spiroplasma citrii (which are both mentioned in the EUR. PHARM. as test/reference species) and a few others, which are however of no importance in cell cultures.
  • Size of internal controls:
    – PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit I/C ⇒ internal control: 479 bp, positive control: 270 bp
    – PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit II ⇒ internal control: 357 bp, positive control: 270 bp

  Related Links and Documents

  • PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit I/C
  • PCR Mycoplasma Test Kit II
• Is it possible to refreeze the hCD34+ progenitor cells after having amplifed them in PromoCell HPC Expansion Medium?

  Yes, it is possible to refreeze them.

  Related Links and Documents

  • CD34+ Progenitor Cells
  • HPC Expansion Medium DXF
• Is it possible to refreeze PromoCell’s Macrophages?

  Once thawed, our assay-ready human M1- and M2 Macrophages cannot be refrozen.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Human M1 Macrophages (GM-CSF) monocyte-derived
  • Human M2 Macrophages (M-CSF) monocyte-derived
• Why are the cryopreserved macrophages abbreviated as hMDM-GMCSF(-) and hMDM-MCSF(-), respectively? What does the (-) stand for?
  • hMDM-GMCSF is the abbreviation for human monocyte-derived macrophages. They are polarized [⇒ differentiated with GM-CSF] but non-activated [⇒ (-)] M1 macrophages. 
  • hMDM-MCSF is the abbreviation for human monocyte-derived polarized [⇒ differentiated with M-CSF] but non-activated [⇒ (-)] M2 macrophages. 

  The macrophages can be seeded into all kinds of TC vessels. After plating, they can be maintained as biologically functional adherent cultures for several weeks.Optionally, user-customizable activation of the cells can be performed. For details, please see attached Application Note, page 2, Fig. 3 and page 5, Tab. 1).

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note: Assay-ready adherent cultures of fully functional human primary macrophages using cryopreserved cells
  • Cryopreserved Macrophages
  • Macrophage Generation Media DXF
• What do you recommend to use to loosen the monocyte fraction from the tissue culture plate (after attachment with the Monocyte Attachment Medium) in order to assess phenotypic/functional markers by flow cytometry?

  Our Macrophage Detachment Solution (C-41330) can be used to detach monocytes from the tissue culture plastic.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Monocyte Attachment Medium
  • Macrophage Detachment Solution
• If I isolate fresh CD14-monocytes for M1/M2 macrophage generation, can I culture them for a period of time before differentiation?

  This is not advised. Please seed the freshly isolated CD14-monocytes immediately in the Monocyte Attachment Medium. Adding a culturing step will change the biological characteristics of monocytes very rapidly.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note: Differentiation of M1- or M2-Macrophages from PBMC/Monocytes
  • Monocyte Attachment Medium
• Can you provide a list of cell lines that have been successfully used for tumorsphere formation with the PromoCell 3D Tumorsphere Medium XF?

  The following cell lines have been tested at PromoCell to form tumorspheres in 3D Tumorsphere Medium XF (C-28070):

  • U-87 MG
  • MCF-7
  • MDA-MB-231
  • HT-29
  • HT1080
  • HepG2
  • A-549
  • Panc-1
  • LNCaP
  • A-431

  ⇒ For more details, please view the attached Application Note.
  In addition, we have received customer feedbacks for the following cell lines:

  • HCT-116 (human colorectal carcinoma cell line)
  • Capan-1 (human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line)
  • PC3 (human prostate cancer cell line)
  • C42B (osteotropic prostate cancer cell line)
  • NCI-H23 (human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cells)
  • IMR-32 (human neuroblast cell line)
  • A818-6 (human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line)
  • HEK293 (human embryonic kidney cells)
  • Calu-1 (non-small-cell lung cancer cell line)

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note: Tumorsphere Culture of Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) with the PromoCell 3D Tumorsphere Medium XF
  • 3D Tumorsphere Medium XF
• I have a question regarding the protocol of tumorsphere culture using PromoCell’s 3D Tumorsphere Medium XF (see Application Note, p. 5, step 5.B): What will happen if the spheroids are collected using centrifugation instead of gravity sedimentation?

  To collect the tumorspheres prior to passage, a centrifugation step at 350xg can be applied instead of gravity sedimentation.
  When using centrifugation, please be careful when aspirating the supernatant because the pellet can be loose. Moreover, centrifugation can lead to subsequent dissociation of the spheres. 
  The advantage of the sedimentation method is that – together with the supernatant – debris will be removed from the spheres which results in “clean” tumorsphere cultures.

  Related Links and Documents

  • 3D Tumorsphere Medium XF
• Is trypsin, accutase, or any other enzymatic detachment reagent used during the production of PromoCell’s cryopreserved macrophages?

  The production of PromoCell’s cryopreserved macrophages is performed under consistently defined culture conditions and excludes the use of any enzymatic and/or non-defined detachment reagents.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Application Note: Assay-ready adherent cultures of fully functional human primary macrophages using cryopreserved cells
  • Macrophages
• Can PromoCell MSC Growth Medium 2 (C-28009) be used for Mesenchymal Stem Cells from rat?

  Yes, we have received a customer feedback that our MSC Growth Medium 2 also works for rat MSCs.
  The rat cells grow nicely in this medium and have a good viability.

  Related Links and Documents

  • MSC Growth Medium 2
• Which medium does PromoCell recommend for endothelial cell transfection ?

  There are several factors that can influence successful transfections, e.g. viability and density of the cells, choice of the transfection reagent, quality and type of the transfected molecules (plasmids, siRNA, oligonucleotides), as well as the culture medium and supplements used.
  When using PromoCell Endothelial Cell Growth Media for cell transfection, please follow the instructions below:

  Heparin, which is included in our Endothelial Cell Growth Medium (C-22010/C-22110), Medium 2 (C-22011/C-22111) and Medium MV (C-22020/C-22120) may reduce the transfection efficiency.  We therefore recommend to use our heparin-free Endothelial Cell Growth Medium MV2 (C-22022/C-22121). Alternatively, you may use Endothelial Cell Growth Medium Kit (C-22110), Medium 2 Kit (C-22111), or Medium MV Kit (C-22120) without adding the ECGS/heparin supplement to the Basal Medium.

  Please note: Before and after transfection, the cells should be cultured in complete Growth Medium including heparin to ensure optimal growth.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Manual: Endothelial Cell Growth Medium/Medium 2
  • Manual: Endothelial Cell Growth Medium MV/ MV2
  • Cell Transfection reagents
• Are there PromoCell specialized media / primary human cells alternatives to other supplier’s products?

  Please see our attached alternative product guides for media and cells.

  Please note: Our media do not contain antibiotics. For optimal cell growth, we recommend to refrain from using antibiotics. However, when a sterile environment cannot be 100% ensured, it may be advisable to add antibiotics to your media so as to protect the cultures from potential microbial infections.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Alternative Product Guide - Primary Human Cells: Lonza® – PromoCell
  • Alternative Product Guide - Primary Human Cell Media: Lonza® – PromoCell
  • PromoCell's packaging systems: Medium (Ready-to-use) vs. Medium Kit
• Do I have to use coated tissue culture vessels for culturing PromoCell Normal Human Cells?

  It is not necessary to use coated flasks for (most of) our Normal Human Cells but it can be done. As coating with extracellular matrix proteins can affect cellular metabolism, it is recommended to use the same coating material for a complete set of experiments.
  Cells that need to be grown on coated dishes:

  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells (C-12974/C-12971/C-12977) need Fibronectin-coating when grown in PromoCell MSC Growth Medium XF (C-28019) and when differentiated in MSC Neurogenic (C-28015), Adipogenic (C-28016), or Osteogenic (C-28013) Differentiation Media.
  • Human monocyte-derived macrophages (C-12914/C-12916/C-12915/C-12917) must be seeded into Fibronectin-coated culture vessels in combination with PromoCell’s M1- and M2-Generation Media XF (C-28055, C-28056).
  • For efficient induction of osteoblast mineralization with PromoCell’s Osteoblast Mineralization Medium (C-27020), the TC plates should be pre-coated with collagen type I.

  Related Links and Documents

  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture
  • Macrophage Cell Culture
  • Osteoblast Cell Culture
  • Fibronection Solution