Technical library

Yes. PromoCell provides a validated differentiation protocol for Human White Preadipocytes (HWP), which is described in the Instruction Manual of the respective media.

Recommended differentiation workflow and time frame

• Expansion phase
  • Grow HWP in Preadipocyte Growth Medium (C‑27410) until complete confluence is reached.
  • This phase typically takes approximately 1 week.
  • Change medium 2–3 times per week.
• Induction of differentiation
  • Aspirate the Growth Medium.
  • Add Preadipocyte Differentiation Medium (C‑27437) for 72 hours.
  • Aspirate the Differentiation Medium and switch to Adipocyte Nutrition Medium (C‑27438).
• Differentiation and maturation
  • Cells begin to accumulate lipid droplets, which can be visualized by light microscopy.
  • The differentiation process usually takes 1-2 weeks.
  • Change medium 2-3 times per week.
  • Differentiated adipocytes can be maintained in Nutrition Medium for up to 4 weeks. However, cell lysis and detachment commonly occur after approximately 3 weeks.

Important note
For optimal differentiation efficiency, we strongly recommend performing differentiation experiments at low population doubling (PD) numbers, ideally below PD 4-5, corresponding to a maximum of one passage after thawing.

The difference between juvenile and adult Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HDMEC) is based on donor age, tissue source, and typical application context:

• Juvenile HDMEC (C‑12210) are isolated from the foreskin of young male donors (approximately 1–10 years old). These cells represent juvenile, foreskin‑derived dermal microvascular endothelium. 
• Adult HDMEC (C‑12212) are isolated from different adult skin localizations, such as breast, abdomen, or labia. The donors are older than 20 years and are predominantly female. 

Which HDMEC should you choose?

• Use adult HDMEC (C‑12212) if your study requires:endothelial cells from a specific body site other than foreskin, or cells from adult and/or female donors.
• Use juvenile HDMEC (C‑12210) if foreskin‑derived cells are acceptable, and donor age or sex is not a critical parameter for your study.

PromoCell airway epithelial cells are isolated from defined anatomical regions of the human respiratory tract:
a) HNEpC (Human Nasal Epithelial Cells): Isolated from the nasal mucosa. 
b) HTEpC (Human Tracheal Epithelial Cells): Isolated from the surface epithelium of the trachea. 
c) HBEpC (Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells): Isolated from the surface epithelium of the bronchi. 
d) HSAEpC (Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells): Isolated from the distal portion of the respiratory tract, corresponding to the ~1 mm bronchiole region, comprising cells from the bronchioles and alveoli.

Our Chondrocyte Growth Medium consists of an optimized basal media formulation and is supplemented with 10 % (v/v) fetal calf serum that has undergone stringent biological controls.

Our Osteoblast Supplement consists of FCS (10 % [v/v] final concentration) which is specifically tested to support optimal growth of Normal Human Osteoblasts.

PromoCell Human Nasal Epithelial Cells (HNEpC, C‑12620) are isolated from nasal mucosal tissue, specifically from the nasal septum or the adenoids. 
These tissues are part of the upper respiratory tract and represent physiologically relevant sources of human nasal epithelial cells used in airway and mucosal research.

Yes, this is possible. However, please note the following important points.

Medium and expansion
After thawing, HBEpC must be seeded and cultured in growth factor-containing Airway Epithelial Cell Growth Medium or Growth Medium 2.
Even when cells are seeded directly onto Transwell inserts, they need to expand and proliferate for several days before the air-liquid interface (ALI) is established.

Seeding density
A seeding density of 150,000 cells/cm² is recommended for all applications, including direct seeding of freshly thawed cells into Transwell inserts.
Using a lower seeding density may impair confluence and subsequent differentiation.

Coating of Transwell inserts
Before seeding the cells, Transwell inserts must be coated with Collagen Type I (30 µg/ml).

The PromoCell Basal Media must be stored between 4-8°C and should not be frozen, as this can lead to precipitations. The same is true after addition of the supplements: the complete medium has to be kept at 4-8°C. If you prefer to make up smaller volumes of complete medium, you can aliquot the Supplement Mix and refreeze those aliquots at -20°C until use. This way you can extend the period in which you can use the supplemented media.

The majority of our skin tissue donors are caucasians. But occasionally we also get skin biopsies from asian and black donors.

Please contact our Scientific Support if you need cells from a particular phototype or origin. They will check our inventory and send you a list of available cell lots.

We recommend a seeding density for chondrocytes between 10,000 and 20,000 cells/cm². This means that a subconfluent T25-flask with approx. 900,000 cells/T25 flask (36,000 cells/cm² ) may be either split into 3 new T25 or seeded in one T75 flask or in one 100 mm petri dish. We do not recommend a specific type or brand for the culture of HCH.